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Carbon Trading for Farmers Gains Traction in EU Green Policy

As farming emissions lag behind, EU considers an Emissions Trading System (ETS) tailored for agriculture.


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Carbon Trading for Farmers Gains Traction in EU Green Policy

The agricultural sector’s contribution to EU harmful emissions remains a concern, accounting for 11% of CO2 equivalent. Efforts under the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) have had limited impact, prompting policymakers to revisit the idea of an Emissions Trading System. Unlike other sectors, farming poses unique challenges in measuring non-carbon emissions and managing its decentralized nature. Introducing an ETS could offer a focused approach to tackle emissions.

The EU’s existing ETS, implemented in 2005, has successfully reduced emissions in various sectors. This year, a second ETS was approved to encompass areas like buildings and road transport. Extending this model to farming, however, is complicated. The sector grapples with measuring emissions like methane and nitrous oxide, and the political influence of farmers adds a layer of complexity.

While reforming the CAP seems like an apparent solution, it’s a formidable task due to its entrenched status. Experts suggest that anchoring agricultural emissions policies in an ETS offers advantages, as it allows a direct link to climate objectives. Unlike the CAP, which primarily focuses on ensuring farmers’ income, an ETS can prioritize emission reduction without conflicting interests.

Implementing an ETS for agriculture presents an opportunity for a targeted approach, circumventing the challenges of overhauling the CAP. It also offers a clear legal basis linked to climate goals. However, even if this solution proves effective, it may face resistance in the EU legislative process, particularly from influential farming constituencies.

Farmers have a substantial influence on EU policymaking, making radical changes to the CAP politically challenging. A new ETS could potentially benefit farmers, as it could direct efforts towards major emitters in the food industry rather than solely focusing on agricultural practices.

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Despite the potential benefits, concerns persist. Some worry that an ETS could lead to a surge in demand for land, exacerbating existing problems of land access. Critics argue that to truly address emissions, broader changes to the CAP are needed, favouring less intensive farming systems.

While an agricultural ETS could be a step in the right direction, it may not go far enough in curbing emissions. Critics argue that the focus on emissions trading mechanisms may not adequately address the urgency of climate change. They emphasize the need for comprehensive, long-term changes, including reforms to the CAP.

The success of an agricultural ETS hinges on setting a substantial carbon price, which may face resistance in pricing emissions from common farmers. The ultimate impact on climate change remains uncertain.

Nevertheless, the proposal enjoys wide-ranging political support, indicating a growing consensus on the need for innovative approaches to address farming emissions.

As the EU grapples with reducing emissions from agriculture, the consideration of an Emissions Trading System tailored for farming emerges as a promising avenue. This approach, while not without its challenges, represents a potential breakthrough in curbing emissions from this critical sector.

 


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